Vázquez C, De Cos A I, Gargallo M, Larrañaga J, Jaunsolo M A, Gómez M A, Alcoriza J, López Nomdedeu C
Sección de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Madrid.
Rev Clin Esp. 1992 Jul;191(3):123-30.
With the objective to know precisely the qualitative and quantitative food intake of the infant population of a Health Care Area, the weekly intake of Energy, Proteins, Total and Saturated Fat, Food Fiber, Cholesterol, Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium. Iron, Zinc and Vitamin A is studied in 187 pupils, representative of the whole (835 children) population of two schools of Fuenlabrada and Leganés (Madrid), following the Weekly Register technique. Total consumption is quantified, and stratified according to sex and age groups. In order to perform a proper evaluation of these parameters, their adequacy to the Intake Recommendations for age and sex is analyzed, finding an excessive intake of calories, proteins and lipids in all age groups: being saturated Fat a third of the total daily Fat; Carbohydrates intake less than 50% of total energy, which would be desirable to maintain the nutritional ratio. Calcium intake, insufficient in some age group, together with the strong correlation proteins-phosphorus as well as total and saturated Fat with Cholesterol of the diet, allow to conclude that the excessive protein intake is predominantly due to meat products. It is also noted the lower intake of Zinc, Calcium, Magnesium, as to the recommended in certain age groups, therefore said individuals are at risk to suffer deficit of these micronutrients.
为了准确了解某医疗保健区域婴儿群体的食物定性和定量摄入情况，采用每周记录法，对马德里市丰拉夫拉达和莱加内斯两所学校的187名学生（代表全体835名儿童）的能量、蛋白质、总脂肪和饱和脂肪、膳食纤维、胆固醇、钙、磷、镁、铁、锌和维生素A的每周摄入量进行了研究。对总摄入量进行了量化，并按性别和年龄组进行了分层。为了对这些参数进行恰当评估，分析了它们与年龄和性别摄入建议的相符程度，结果发现所有年龄组的卡路里、蛋白质和脂质摄入量均过高：饱和脂肪占每日总脂肪的三分之一；碳水化合物摄入量低于总能量的50%，而维持营养比例则需要达到这一水平。某些年龄组的钙摄入量不足，同时蛋白质与磷以及饮食中的总脂肪和饱和脂肪与胆固醇之间存在很强的相关性，由此可以得出结论，蛋白质摄入过多主要是由于肉类产品。还注意到，在某些年龄组中，锌、钙、镁的摄入量低于推荐量，因此这些个体有缺乏这些微量营养素的风险。
