Rhodes J E, Jakes S
Psychology Service, Haringey Mental Health Trust, St Ann's Hospital, Haringey, London, UK.
Psychol Psychother. 2004 Mar;77(Pt 1):1-17. doi: 10.1348/147608304322874227.
This article investigates the possible role of metaphorical thinking in psychotic delusions. Twenty-five participants with delusions were asked to give an account of how their ideas had formed and to describe recent experiences relevant to their delusional beliefs. The data suggest that for some participants there may have been a crucial period when the person has unusual experiences, psychosocial difficulties, and made attempts involving metaphor/metonymy to understand these experiences. Furthermore, some participants reported very recent unusual experiences using metaphorical terms, and we speculate on the possibility that the content of the metaphors contributes to a continuation of psychotic experience. The data form a series of case illustrations and are exploratory. No generalizations can be made, but the presence of significant metaphors and metonymy in 11 out of 25 case histories suggests the process may be an important one. We end by outlining a theoretical model of how metaphors might contribute to the formation of delusions: it is suggested that delusional statements are intended to be literal statements, but report on experiences transformed by metaphorical meaning. This transformation involves the 'fusion' of conceptual domains.
本文探讨隐喻思维在精神病性妄想中的可能作用。25名患有妄想症的参与者被要求讲述他们的想法是如何形成的，并描述与他们的妄想信念相关的近期经历。数据表明，对于一些参与者来说，可能存在一个关键时期，在此期间，个体经历了异常体验、心理社会困难，并尝试用隐喻/转喻来理解这些经历。此外，一些参与者用隐喻性语言报告了非常近期的异常体验，我们推测隐喻的内容可能促成了精神病体验的持续。这些数据形成了一系列病例说明，具有探索性。无法进行一般性概括，但25个病例中有11个出现了显著的隐喻和转喻，这表明该过程可能很重要。我们最后概述了一个隐喻可能如何促成妄想形成的理论模型：有人认为，妄想陈述意在作为字面陈述，但报告的是由隐喻意义转变而来的体验。这种转变涉及概念域的“融合”。
