Strine Tara W, Balluz Lina, Chapman Daniel P, Moriarty David G, Owens Michelle, Mokdad Ali H
Division of Adult and Community Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prenvetion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2004 Apr;26(3):213-6. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2003.11.002.
Given the increased emphasis on chronic diseases in the United States, physicians and health survey analysts are now gathering information on patients' subjective measures of health, also known as health-related quality-of-life measures. Studies indicate that these measures can be more powerful predictors of chronic disease-related morbidity and mortality than objective measures.
The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit-dialed telephone survey of the non-institutionalized U.S. population aged 18 years or older. This study examined frequent mental distress (FMD), defined as self-reported 14 or more mentally unhealthy days in the past 30 days, and its association with adverse health behaviors and lack of healthcare coverage.
In 2001, approximately 10% of adults reported FMD. Persons reporting FMD had a higher prevalence of smoking, drinking heavily, physical inactivity, and obesity than did persons without FMD. They were also more often without healthcare coverage. In addition, persons with FMD were more likely to engage in multiple adverse behaviors than were persons without FMD.
Persons reporting FMD are at higher risk of chronic diseases because they engage in risky health behaviors and lack healthcare coverage. This study provides further support that mental health screening as well as physical health screening is important in clinical practice. Further research is needed to identify therapeutic or mental health-promoting interventions to reduce mental distress and reinforce healthy behaviors.
鉴于美国对慢性病的重视程度不断提高，医生和健康调查分析人员目前正在收集患者健康主观指标的信息，这些指标也被称为健康相关生活质量指标。研究表明，这些指标在预测慢性病相关的发病率和死亡率方面可能比客观指标更具说服力。
行为危险因素监测系统（BRFSS）是一项持续进行的、基于州的、通过随机数字拨号对18岁及以上非机构化美国人群进行的电话调查。本研究调查了频繁心理困扰（FMD），即自我报告在过去30天中有14天或更多天心理不健康，并研究了其与不良健康行为和缺乏医疗保险的关联。
2001年，约10%的成年人报告有频繁心理困扰。报告有频繁心理困扰的人吸烟、酗酒、缺乏身体活动和肥胖的患病率高于没有频繁心理困扰的人。他们也更常没有医疗保险。此外，有频繁心理困扰的人比没有频繁心理困扰的人更有可能同时存在多种不良行为。
报告有频繁心理困扰的人患慢性病的风险更高，因为他们有危险的健康行为且缺乏医疗保险。本研究进一步支持了在临床实践中进行心理健康筛查以及身体健康筛查的重要性。需要进一步研究以确定治疗或促进心理健康的干预措施，以减少心理困扰并强化健康行为。
