Delgado Isabella Fernandes, Paumgartten Francisco José Roma
Departamento de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2004 Jan-Feb;20(1):180-6. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2004000100034. Epub 2004 Mar 8.
This survey is part of a more comprehensive study on the health consequences of pesticide exposure. In the county (municipality) of Paty do Alferes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, 55 agricultural workers were interviewed on the use of pesticides, use of personal protective equipment, data on health status, and symptoms related to pesticide exposure, disposal of agrochemical containers, and technical assistance. The most widely used pesticides were insecticides such as abamectin, organophosphate compounds, and pyrethroids, and fungicides such as mancozeb, chlorothalonil, and copper products. As a rule, pesticides are handled carelessly, and 92% of workers involved in the mixing, loading, and spraying of insecticides and fungicides used no protective clothing or equipment whatsoever. Some 62% of workers reported at least one illness associated with mixing or spraying pesticides. The most frequently reported symptoms were headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, skin irritation, and blurred vision, and 21% of affected workers required medical care. In more than half (51%) of the cases, workers reported using organophosphate insecticides from toxicological class I when they felt sick.
本次调查是一项关于农药暴露对健康影响的更全面研究的一部分。在巴西里约热内卢州的帕蒂杜阿尔费雷斯县（市），对55名农业工人进行了访谈，内容涉及农药使用情况、个人防护设备使用情况、健康状况数据、与农药暴露相关的症状、农用化学品容器的处置以及技术援助。使用最广泛的农药是杀虫剂，如阿维菌素、有机磷化合物和拟除虫菊酯，以及杀菌剂，如代森锰锌、百菌清和铜制剂。通常，农药处理不当，参与杀虫剂和杀菌剂混合、装填及喷洒的工人中有92%根本没有使用防护服或设备。约62%的工人报告至少有一种与农药混合或喷洒相关的疾病。最常报告的症状是头痛、恶心、呕吐、头晕、皮肤刺激和视力模糊，21%的受影响工人需要医疗护理。在超过一半（51%）的案例中，工人报告在感觉不适时使用了毒理学I类有机磷杀虫剂。
