Bastian P J, Nakayama M, De Marzo A M, Nelson W G
The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA.
Urologe A. 2004 May;43(5):573-9. doi: 10.1007/s00120-004-0540-7.
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men in Europe and North America. Despite its high prevalence, the molecular mechanism of its underlying development and progression is poorly understood. Many studies have revealed multiple molecular alterations during prostate cancer carcinogenesis. GSTP1 CpG island hypermethylation is one of the molecular changes that occur during carcinogenesis.
We evaluated the role of GSTP1 CpG island hypermethylation in prostatic cancers and discussed its possible role as a molecular biomarker of prostate cancer.
Studies haven shown that GSTP1 CpG island hypermethylation is present in about 90% of prostatic carcinomas. The DNA alteration was also detectable in body fluids such as blood, urine, ejaculate, or prostatic secretions. One study showed hypermethylation in histologically unsuspicious lymph nodes in surgical specimens in patients with biochemical PSA (prostate-specific antigen) recurrence. Additionally, it is possible to distinguish between normal prostatic tissue, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and prostate cancer.
The detection of GSTP1 CpG island hypermethylation serves as a molecular marker in prostate cancer screening, detection, and diagnosis. It may even provide information on prostate cancer prognosis. However, prospective trials to evaluate its predictive value are necessary.
前列腺癌是欧洲和北美的男性中最常被诊断出的癌症。尽管其发病率很高，但其潜在发展和进展的分子机制仍知之甚少。许多研究揭示了前列腺癌发生过程中的多种分子改变。GSTP1 CpG岛高甲基化是癌症发生过程中出现的分子变化之一。
我们评估了GSTP1 CpG岛高甲基化在前列腺癌中的作用，并讨论了其作为前列腺癌分子生物标志物的可能作用。
研究表明，约90%的前列腺癌中存在GSTP1 CpG岛高甲基化。这种DNA改变在血液、尿液、精液或前列腺分泌物等体液中也可检测到。一项研究显示，在生化前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）复发患者的手术标本中，组织学上无异常的淋巴结中存在高甲基化。此外，还可以区分正常前列腺组织、良性前列腺增生和前列腺癌。
检测GSTP1 CpG岛高甲基化可作为前列腺癌筛查、检测和诊断的分子标志物。它甚至可能提供有关前列腺癌预后的信息。然而，有必要进行前瞻性试验来评估其预测价值。
