Allen J P, Faden V, Rawlings R
Treatment Research Branch, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD 20857.
Addict Behav. 1992;17(4):359-66. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(92)90041-s.
While extensive research has been conducted to determine internal and external stimuli for drinking by alcoholics, the topic of how demographic, diagnostic, and personality variables may relate to these precipitants is largely unexplored. This study suggests that stimuli to use alcohol or drugs differ partly as a function of diagnosis (alcohol dependence vs. concurrent alcohol and drug dependence). Age, education, and gender do not appear related to the stimuli in either diagnostic group. Personality characteristics of cognitive reflectiveness, impulse control, sociability, and intrapunitiveness, however, seem to be associated with certain classes of high risk stimuli.
虽然已经进行了广泛的研究来确定酗酒者饮酒的内部和外部刺激因素，但关于人口统计学、诊断和人格变量如何与这些诱发因素相关的主题在很大程度上仍未得到探索。这项研究表明，使用酒精或药物的刺激因素在一定程度上因诊断类型（酒精依赖与酒精和药物并发依赖）而异。年龄、教育程度和性别在这两个诊断组中似乎都与刺激因素无关。然而，认知反思性、冲动控制、社交性和自责性等人格特征似乎与某些高危刺激因素相关。
