McKeen Nancy A, Chipperfield Judith G, Campbell Darren W
Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P5, Canada.
J Aging Health. 2004;16(2):204-27. doi: 10.1177/0898264303262648.
To test the hypothesis that everyday, discrete negative emotions-anger, frustration, sadness, and fear-relate to health-service use in later life.
Community-dwelling adults (n = 345) ages 72 to 99 were interviewed about the frequency of recently experienced emotions. Physician visits and hospital admissions in the subsequent 2 years were outcomes. Covariates included prior use of health services, chronic illness, functional status, and demographics.
Age, education, and gender moderated relations between negative emotions and health care use. More frustration was associated with fewer physician visits among older individuals. Sadness was associated with more hospital admissions for women. Among those with more education, frequent anger was associated with more physician visits. Projected effects of negative emotions resulted in increases in health-service use, ranging from 18% to 33%.
The interactions indicate the importance of negative emotions and the larger social and developmental context in health care services use among elderly individuals.
检验日常离散性负面情绪（愤怒、沮丧、悲伤和恐惧）与晚年医疗服务利用之间存在关联这一假设。
对年龄在72至99岁的社区居住成年人（n = 345）进行访谈，了解他们近期经历各种情绪的频率。以随后两年内的医生就诊和住院情况作为结果指标。协变量包括先前的医疗服务使用情况、慢性病、功能状态和人口统计学特征。
年龄、教育程度和性别调节了负面情绪与医疗服务使用之间的关系。在老年人中，更多的沮丧情绪与更少的医生就诊次数相关。悲伤情绪与女性更多的住院次数相关。在受教育程度较高的人群中，频繁的愤怒情绪与更多的医生就诊次数相关。负面情绪的预测效应导致医疗服务使用增加，增幅在18%至33%之间。
这些相互作用表明了负面情绪以及更大的社会和发展背景在老年人医疗服务利用中的重要性。
