Martin Paul T
Department of Neuroscience, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California-San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0691, USA.
J Neurocytol. 2003 Jun-Sep;32(5-8):915-29. doi: 10.1023/B:NEUR.0000020632.41508.83.
Most molecules that are present at synapses are glycosylated with carbohydrates, and some carbohydrate structures are themselves uniquely synaptic in their localization. Thus, proteins or lipids at the synapse may bear distinct carbohydrates that alter their localization or function. Here, I will review the evidence that there are unique synaptic carbohydrates at the neuromuscular junction. Then, I will review the evidence that such carbohydrates can affect the function of synaptic proteins, with particular attention to agrin, dystroglycan, and the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). Finally, I will review recent data that demonstrates a role for one carbohydrate structure, the cytotoxic T cell (CT) antigen, in neuromuscular development. These studies suggest that glycosylation is an important modification to consider in studies of synapse formation and function.
大多数存在于突触中的分子都被碳水化合物糖基化，并且一些碳水化合物结构在其定位上本身就具有独特的突触特异性。因此，突触处的蛋白质或脂质可能带有不同的碳水化合物，从而改变它们的定位或功能。在这里，我将综述有关神经肌肉接头处存在独特突触碳水化合物的证据。然后，我将综述此类碳水化合物可影响突触蛋白功能的证据，特别关注聚集蛋白、肌营养不良聚糖和神经细胞黏附分子（NCAM）。最后，我将综述最近的数据，这些数据证明了一种碳水化合物结构，即细胞毒性T细胞（CT）抗原，在神经肌肉发育中的作用。这些研究表明，糖基化是突触形成和功能研究中需要考虑的重要修饰。
