Goodman Andrew L, Lory Stephen
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Warren Alpert Building, Room 363, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2004 Feb;7(1):39-44. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2003.12.009.
Transcriptional profiling using DNA microarrays has proved to be a valuable tool for dissecting bacterial adaptation to various environments, including human hosts. Analysis of genomes and transcriptomes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa shows that this bacterium possesses and expresses a core set of genes, including virulence factors, which allow it to thrive in a range of environments. Transcriptional regulators previously thought to control single virulence traits are now shown to regulate complex global signaling networks. Microarray-based research has led to the discovery of upstream regulators and downstream components of these pathways, as well as probed the response to antibiotics, environmental stresses and other bacteria. Independent studies have highlighted the role of media composition, the makeup of the physical environment and experimental methods in the outcome of microarray analyses. A compilation of all the published data clearly shows transcriptional regulation of genes in all functional classes. Under conditions examined to date, slightly more than a quarter of the genome is regulated, suggesting that P. aeruginosa may use much of its genome for conditions unexplored in the laboratory.
利用DNA微阵列进行转录谱分析已被证明是剖析细菌适应各种环境（包括人类宿主）的一种有价值的工具。铜绿假单胞菌的基因组和转录组分析表明，这种细菌拥有并表达一组核心基因，包括毒力因子，这使其能够在一系列环境中茁壮成长。以前认为控制单一毒力特征的转录调节因子现在显示出可调节复杂的全局信号网络。基于微阵列的研究已导致发现这些途径的上游调节因子和下游成分，并探究了对抗生素、环境压力和其他细菌的反应。独立研究强调了培养基成分、物理环境组成和实验方法在微阵列分析结果中的作用。所有已发表数据的汇编清楚地表明了所有功能类别的基因的转录调控。在迄今为止所研究的条件下，略多于四分之一的基因组受到调控，这表明铜绿假单胞菌可能在实验室未探索的条件下利用其大部分基因组。
