Palmer C W, Amundson S D, Brito L F C, Waldner C L, Barth A D
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask, Canada S7N 5B4.
Anim Reprod Sci. 2004 Feb;80(3-4):213-23. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2003.07.003.
Two experiments were conducted with 24 bulls in which semen collection was attempted by transrectal massage (RM) and electroejaculation (EE). In experiment 1, bulls received the following treatments on successive semen collection days: saline 10 min prior to electroejaculation (control); saline 10 min prior to 2 min of transrectal massage followed by electroejaculation; cloprostenol (CLO) 10 min prior to 2 min of transrectal massage followed by electroejaculation; oxytocin (OXY) 10 min prior to 2 min of transrectal massage followed by electroejaculation. Transrectal massage consisted of general, back and forth motion over the ampullae, prostate and urethra with a flattened hand. In experiment 2, bulls received saline (control), oxytocin, or cloprostenol 10 min before attempting semen collection by transrectal massage. Massage was applied specifically to the ampullae for a maximum of 5 min or until a semen sample was obtained. Electroejaculation was attempted in all bulls following transrectal massage. In experiment 1, semen was obtained in <1% of bulls by transrectal massage. However, by using an improved massage technique in experiment 2, semen was obtained in 97.2% of attempts. Semen was obtained in 96.9 and 98.9% of attempts by electroejaculation in experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Oxytocin treatment increased the time to penile protrusion during electroejaculation in experiment 1 and during massage in experiment 2. In experiment 1, oxytocin decreased the time to semen emission and tended to decrease the number of electroejaculation stimuli to semen emission. Cloprostenol treatment, in experiment 1, resulted in an increased number of electroejaculation stimuli to penile protrusion, but did not affect the number of stimuli required for semen emission. Massage of the ampullae prior to electroejaculation reduced both the time to semen emission and the number of electroejaculation stimuli required for semen emission. Transrectal massage of the ampullae was very effective in this experiment for producing semen emission, but quantity of semen samples was less than for electroejaculation. The usefulness of transrectal massage for semen collection in breeding soundness evaluations needs to be investigated further under field conditions.
对24头公牛进行了两项实验，尝试通过直肠按摩（RM）和电刺激采精（EE）来采集精液。在实验1中，公牛在连续的采精日接受以下处理：电刺激采精前10分钟注射生理盐水（对照）；直肠按摩2分钟前10分钟注射生理盐水，然后进行电刺激采精；直肠按摩2分钟前10分钟注射氯前列醇（CLO），然后进行电刺激采精；直肠按摩2分钟前10分钟注射催产素（OXY），然后进行电刺激采精。直肠按摩是用扁平的手在壶腹、前列腺和尿道上进行一般的、来回的移动。在实验2中，公牛在尝试通过直肠按摩采集精液前10分钟接受生理盐水（对照）、催产素或氯前列醇。专门对壶腹进行按摩，最长5分钟或直到获得精液样本。在所有公牛直肠按摩后尝试进行电刺激采精。在实验1中，通过直肠按摩在不到1%的公牛中获得了精液。然而，在实验2中通过使用改进的按摩技术，在97.2%的采精尝试中获得了精液。在实验1和实验2中，分别有96.9%和98.9%的电刺激采精尝试获得了精液。催产素处理在实验1的电刺激采精期间以及实验2的按摩期间增加了阴茎勃起的时间。在实验1中，催产素缩短了射精时间，并倾向于减少射精所需的电刺激采精次数。在实验1中，氯前列醇处理导致阴茎勃起所需的电刺激采精次数增加，但不影响射精所需的刺激次数。电刺激采精前对壶腹进行按摩减少了射精时间和射精所需的电刺激采精次数。在本实验中，直肠按摩壶腹对产生射精非常有效，但精液样本的量少于电刺激采精。在现场条件下，直肠按摩在繁殖健全性评估中用于采集精液的实用性需要进一步研究。
