Browning Christopher R, Cagney Kathleen A
Ohio State University, USA.
J Health Soc Behav. 2003 Dec;44(4):552-71.
We investigate the impact of neighborhood structural characteristics, social organization, and culture on self-rated health in a large, cross-sectional sample of urban adults. Findings indicate that neighborhood affluence is a more powerful predictor of health status than poverty, above and beyond individual demographic background, socioeconomic status, health behaviors, and insurance coverage. Moreover, neighborhood affluence and residential stability interact in their association with health. When the prevalence of affluence is low, residential stability is negatively associated with health. Neighborhood affluence also accounts for a substantial proportion of the racial gap in health status. Finally, collective efficacy is a significant positive predictor of health but does not mediate the effects of structural factors.
我们在一个大型城市成年人横断面样本中，研究邻里结构特征、社会组织和文化对自评健康的影响。研究结果表明，在个体人口背景、社会经济地位、健康行为和保险覆盖范围之外，邻里富裕程度比贫困状况更能有力地预测健康状况。此外，邻里富裕程度和居住稳定性在与健康的关联中相互作用。当富裕程度的普遍性较低时，居住稳定性与健康呈负相关。邻里富裕程度也在健康状况的种族差距中占很大比例。最后，集体效能是健康的一个显著正向预测因素，但并未介导结构因素的影响。
