Lung Shih-Chun Candice, Wu Min-Ju, Lin Chin-Chieh
Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 402, ROC.
J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2004 Nov;14(7):529-35. doi: 10.1038/sj.jea.7500371.
In Taiwan 24-h coffee shops have become popular gathering areas for young people. This study assesses customers' exposures to PM(2.5) and gaseous/particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in such an environment. Potential influential factors were also evaluated. Two coffee shops with different types of smoking/nonsmoking divisions were selected. Sampling was conducted from 1300 to 2100 hours on Saturdays and Sundays during December 2000 and January 2001. Personal environmental monitors mounted with Teflon filters and polyurethane foams were used for particulate and gaseous sampling. PAHs were analyzed with GC-FID. Principal component analysis was used to explore the differences in the patterns of gaseous and particulate PAHs. Stepwise regression analysis was used to evaluate the contribution of various factors. The geometric mean (GM) of PM(2.5), particulate and gaseous PAH exposures were 83.7, 0.46 and 1.01 microg/m(3), respectively. Their exposure concentrations were about two to five times those of residential indoor environments in Taiwan. Smoking and vehicle exhaust were two major exposure sources. The gaseous PAH concentrations in the two sections of both shops were significantly correlated. The divisions between smoking and nonsmoking sections in neither of the coffee shops were effective to prevent dispersion of gaseous pollutants. In both shops, the concentrations of PM(2.5) and associated PAHs, respectively, were about 22-28 microg/m(3) and 0.07 microg/m(3) higher in smoking areas compared to nonsmoking areas. It was also found that each additional cigarette resulted in a 0.22-0.42 microg/m(3) PM(2.5) incremental increase in nonsmoking customers' exposure in the smoking section.
在台湾，24小时营业的咖啡店已成为年轻人喜爱的聚会场所。本研究评估了顾客在这样的环境中接触细颗粒物（PM2.5）以及气态/颗粒态多环芳烃（PAHs）的情况。同时还评估了潜在的影响因素。选取了两家具有不同吸烟/非吸烟分区类型的咖啡店。在2000年12月和2001年1月的周六和周日13:00至21:00进行采样。使用装有特氟龙滤膜和聚氨酯泡沫的个人环境监测仪进行颗粒物和气态采样。采用气相色谱 - 火焰离子化检测器（GC - FID）分析多环芳烃。主成分分析用于探究气态和颗粒态多环芳烃模式的差异。逐步回归分析用于评估各种因素的贡献。PM2.5、颗粒态和气态多环芳烃暴露的几何均值（GM）分别为83.7、0.46和1.01微克/立方米。它们的暴露浓度约为台湾住宅室内环境的两到五倍。吸烟和汽车尾气是两个主要的暴露源。两家咖啡店两个区域的气态多环芳烃浓度显著相关。两家咖啡店的吸烟区和非吸烟区之间的分隔都未能有效防止气态污染物的扩散。在两家店中，吸烟区的PM2.5浓度及相关多环芳烃浓度分别比非吸烟区高出约22 - 28微克/立方米和0.07微克/立方米。研究还发现，每多吸一支烟会使非吸烟顾客在吸烟区的PM2.5暴露量增加0.22 - 0.42微克/立方米。
