Modrzejewska Renata, Bomba Jacek
Kliniki Psychiatrii Dzieci i Młodziezy Katedry Psychiatrii CM UJ.
Psychiatr Pol. 2004 Jan-Feb;38(1):13-27.
Results of scarce epidemiological studies on depression in adolescents are diverse and dependent of survey methodology as well as on the theoretical approach of researchers. Those studies where the methods are comparable show that depression prevalence depends on the macrosocial situation and the adolescence stage.
The study aimed to assess changes in depression prevalence in mid-adolescents between 1984 and 2001. A presumption was made that the social situation in Poland had changed in the last 17 years.
In 2001 a representative sample of school attending 17 y.o. adolescents was screened with KID-IO"C1". The results were compared with those of a similar survey, using the same method, carried out in 1984.
Point prevalence indexes appeared to be similar as well as higher for girls in comparison with boys. However, dependence of depression prevalence and the type of the senior school has changed. In 1984 it was higher in senior schools preparing for university studies, while in 2001--in those which train in a skill.
Earlier conceptualisations of adolescent depression as connected with social conditions making ways to adulthood difficult (e.g. unemployment) as well as high indexes of depression prevalence in adolescents living in regions with higher unemployment rates than in Kraków, allow for an interpretation of the findings as result of macrosocial changes. Other hypotheses e.g. influence of the adolescence timing and course require a longitudinal prospective study.
关于青少年抑郁症的少量流行病学研究结果各不相同，且取决于调查方法以及研究人员的理论方法。那些方法具有可比性的研究表明，抑郁症患病率取决于宏观社会状况和青少年阶段。
本研究旨在评估1984年至2001年期间青少年中期抑郁症患病率的变化。假定波兰的社会状况在过去17年中发生了变化。
2001年，使用KID-IO“C1”对17岁在校青少年的代表性样本进行筛查。将结果与1984年使用相同方法进行的类似调查结果进行比较。
点患病率指数似乎相似，且女孩高于男孩。然而，抑郁症患病率与高中类型的相关性发生了变化。1984年，准备升大学的高中患病率较高，而2001年，职业高中患病率较高。
早期将青少年抑郁症概念化为与通向成年期的社会条件困难（如失业）相关，以及失业率高于克拉科夫地区的青少年中抑郁症患病率较高，这使得可以将这些发现解释为宏观社会变化的结果。其他假设，如青春期时间和过程的影响，需要进行纵向前瞻性研究。
