[Genomic and molecular medicine].

Molecular medicine is a new research field underlain by achievements of the Human Genome Project. The review considers the contribution of the Laboratory of Prenatal Diagnostics of the Ott Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology to the development of molecular medicine in Russia. Special emphasis is placed on molecular diagnostics, predictive medicine, and gene therapy. The lab obtained priority results in devising and promoting methods of molecular diagnostics of the most common severe hereditary disorders such as cystic fibrosis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, hemophilia A, and fragile X syndrome. Owing to the Russian program Human Genome, St. Petersburg researchers laid the foundations for theoretical and applied predictive medicine, which is aimed at identifying and analyzing the genes associated with predisposition to high-incidence multifactorial disorders. Experiments with mdx mice providing a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy were carried out to select the optimal way of delivering a transgene (cDNA of the dystrophin gene) contained in various constructs for the purpose of gene therapy.