Aung Han H, Mehendale Sangeeta R, Xie Jing-Tian, Moss Jonathan, Yuan Chun-Su
Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Life Sci. 2004 Apr 16;74(22):2685-91. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2003.08.047.
Opioids are frequently used analgesics, and emesis is a common opioid-induced adverse effect. Methylnaltrexone, a peripheral opioid antagonist, has the potential to block the undesired effects of opioids that are mediated by peripheral receptors while sparing the analgesic effect. We used a rat model of simulated emesis or pica to study if methylnaltrexone decreases morphine induced-kaolin consumption. We observed that after morphine administration, kaolin intake increased significantly compared to intake in the vehicle group, and the increase could be attenuated by ondansetron administration. Methylnaltrexone dose-dependently reduced kaolin ingestion induced by morphine. Morphine and methylnaltrexone did not significantly affect food intake and body weight in the experimental animals. Our data suggest that methylnaltrexone has therapeutic value in treating opioid-induced nausea and vomiting.
阿片类药物是常用的镇痛药，而呕吐是阿片类药物常见的不良反应。甲基纳曲酮是一种外周阿片类拮抗剂，有可能阻断由外周受体介导的阿片类药物的不良作用，同时保留镇痛效果。我们使用模拟呕吐或异食癖大鼠模型来研究甲基纳曲酮是否能减少吗啡诱导的高岭土摄入量。我们观察到，给予吗啡后，与给予赋形剂组相比，高岭土摄入量显著增加，而给予昂丹司琼可减弱这种增加。甲基纳曲酮剂量依赖性地减少吗啡诱导的高岭土摄取。吗啡和甲基纳曲酮对实验动物的食物摄入量和体重没有显著影响。我们的数据表明，甲基纳曲酮在治疗阿片类药物引起的恶心和呕吐方面具有治疗价值。
