Qiu Xinghua, Zhu Tong, Li Jing, Pan Hansheng, Li Quanlin, Miao Guofang, Gong Jicheng
State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2004 Mar 1;38(5):1368-74. doi: 10.1021/es035052d.
Organochlorine (OC) pesticides have been used broadly in China's past, yet very little is known about their atmospheric concentrations and transport. In this work, air samples were collected in the Taihu Lake Region, China, from July 23 to August 11, 2002, to measure concentrations of OC pesticides in air. The average concentrations of alpha and gamma- hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), heptachlor (HEPT), alpha-endosulfan, p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD, and o,p'-DDT in the air were 74 and 46, 47, 53, 307, 124, 212, 36, and 767 pg m(-3), respectively. It was interesting to note that the concentrations of p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, and o,p'-DDT were all very high, even though the use of technical DDT has been banned in China since 1983. Moreover, the average concentration ratios of o,p'-DDT/p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE/p,p'-DDT were as high as 6.3 and 1.8. This suggested that there could be an unknown source of DDT-related compounds (DDTs), especially o,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE. It is very likely that this unknown source was the application of dicofol, an acaricide manufactured from technical DDT and used mainly on cotton fields to treat mites in China. Backward trajectory analysis also provided consistent evidence that the high air concentrations of DDTs were related to trajectories from the area north of the Yangtze River, where cotton fields account for a significant fraction of land use.
有机氯（OC）农药过去在中国曾被广泛使用，但人们对其大气浓度和迁移情况知之甚少。在这项研究中，于2002年7月23日至8月11日在中国太湖地区采集了空气样本，以测量空气中OC农药的浓度。空气中α-六氯环己烷（HCH）、γ-六氯环己烷、六氯苯（HCB）、七氯（HEPT）、α-硫丹、p,p'-滴滴涕（DDT）、p,p'-二氯二苯醚（DDE）、p,p'-二氯二苯甲酮（DDD）和o,p'-滴滴涕的平均浓度分别为74、46、47、53、307、124、212、36和767 pg m(-3)。值得注意的是，尽管自1983年起中国已禁止使用工业用滴滴涕，但p,p'-滴滴涕、p,p'-二氯二苯醚和o,p'-滴滴涕的浓度都非常高。此外，o,p'-滴滴涕/p,p'-滴滴涕和p,p'-二氯二苯醚/p,p'-滴滴涕的平均浓度比高达6.3和1.8。这表明可能存在一个未知的滴滴涕相关化合物（DDTs）来源，尤其是o,p'-滴滴涕和p,p'-二氯二苯醚。这个未知来源很可能是三氯杀螨醇的使用，三氯杀螨醇是一种由工业用滴滴涕制成的杀螨剂，在中国主要用于棉田防治螨虫。后向轨迹分析也提供了一致的证据，表明滴滴涕在空气中的高浓度与来自长江以北地区的轨迹有关，该地区棉田占土地利用的很大一部分。
