Kang Sung-Yeon, Deren Sherry, Andia Jonny, Colón Hector M, Robles Rafaela
National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., 71 West 23rd Street, 8th Floor, New York, NY 10010, USA.
Addict Behav. 2004 May;29(3):567-74. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2003.08.026.
This study examined the impact of changes in self-efficacy over time on HIV-related injection and sex risk behaviors among Puerto Rican drug injectors and crack smokers. Baseline (T1) and 6-month follow-up (T2) data were collected between 1998 and 2000 in New York and Puerto Rico (follow-up rate=79%, 952/1199). Differences in scores on self-efficacy (for risk behaviors) between T1 and T2 were first computed and dichotomized (negative change vs. no/positive change). Those with negative change in self-efficacy were more likely than those with no/positive change to engage in HIV injection and sex risk behaviors at T2. The relationships were significant in multiple logistic regressions after controlling for the effects of potential confounding variables. The findings indicate that improving perceived self-efficacy for risk reduction can help reduce HIV transmission behaviors in high-risk drug users. HIV/AIDS prevention programs should include a focus on enhancing self-efficacy for reducing risk behaviors.
本研究考察了随着时间推移自我效能感的变化对波多黎各药物注射者和快克烟民中与艾滋病病毒相关的注射及性风险行为的影响。1998年至2000年期间在纽约和波多黎各收集了基线（T1）和6个月随访（T2）数据（随访率=79%，952/1199）。首先计算并二分了T1和T2之间自我效能感（针对风险行为）得分的差异（负向变化与无/正向变化）。自我效能感有负向变化的人在T2时比无/正向变化的人更有可能从事艾滋病病毒注射及性风险行为。在控制了潜在混杂变量的影响后，这些关系在多项逻辑回归中具有显著性。研究结果表明，提高对降低风险的自我效能感认知有助于减少高危吸毒者中的艾滋病病毒传播行为。艾滋病病毒/艾滋病预防项目应包括注重增强降低风险行为的自我效能感。
