Leske M Cristina, Wu Suh-Yuh, Hyman Leslie, Hennis Anselm, Nemesure Barbara, Schachat Andrew P
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, L3 HSC Room 086, Stony Brook, NY 11795-8036, USA.
Ophthalmology. 2004 Apr;111(4):706-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2003.07.003.
To describe longitudinal macular changes in a black population after 4 years of follow-up.
Population-based incidence study.
The Barbados Incidence Study of Eye Diseases (BISED) reexamined the Barbados Eye Study cohort, which was based on a random sample of the country's residents, 40 to 84 years. The BISED included 3427 persons, or 85% of the eligible cohort.
Four-year incidence of macular changes, as determined by gradings of color stereoscopic macular photographs.
Among black participants, the overall 4-year incidence of early macular changes (medium or large drusen or >20 small drusen with retinal pigment epithelium [RPE] atrophy or pigment) was 5.2% (95% confidence interval, 4.0%-6.6%) and tended to be higher in women (5.8%) than in men (4.1%). Incidence of related features was 5.2% for medium drusen (64-250 microm), 0.3% for drusen >250 microm, 1.1% for confluence, 0.5% for pigment, and 0.1% for RPE atrophy. Of the 2362 persons at risk for late macular changes (geographic atrophy, fluid, lipid, hemorrhage, disciform scar), exudative features developed in only 1 person in 4 years. Less than 1% of persons with early macular changes at baseline had disappearance of related features.
After 4 years, the development of severe macular disease was rare in this black population, and the incidence of early macular changes also was lower than in other populations. Results are consistent with the low risk of macular degeneration in persons of African descent.
描述黑人人群经过4年随访后的黄斑纵向变化。
基于人群的发病率研究。
巴巴多斯眼病发病率研究（BISED）对巴巴多斯眼病研究队列进行了重新检查，该队列基于该国40至84岁居民的随机样本。BISED包括3427人，占符合条件队列的85%。
通过彩色立体黄斑照片分级确定的黄斑变化的4年发病率。
在黑人参与者中，早期黄斑变化（中等或大的玻璃膜疣或>20个伴有视网膜色素上皮[RPE]萎缩或色素沉着的小玻璃膜疣）的总体4年发病率为5.2%（95%置信区间，4.0%-6.6%），女性（5.8%）的发病率往往高于男性（4.1%）。中等玻璃膜疣（64-250微米）的相关特征发病率为5.2%，>250微米玻璃膜疣的发病率为0.3%，融合的发病率为1.1%，色素沉着的发病率为0.5%，RPE萎缩的发病率为0.1%。在2362名有晚期黄斑变化（地图样萎缩、液体、脂质、出血、盘状瘢痕）风险的人中，4年内只有1人出现渗出性特征。基线时有早期黄斑变化特征的人中不到1%的人相关特征消失。
4年后，在这个黑人人群中严重黄斑疾病的发生很少见，早期黄斑变化的发病率也低于其他人群。结果与非洲裔人群黄斑变性风险较低一致。
