Nogala-Kalucka Malgorzata, Korczak Jozef, Wagner Karl-Heinz, Elmadfa Ibrahim
Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Agricultural University, PL-61623 Poznan, Mazowiecka 48, Poland.
Nahrung. 2004 Feb;48(1):34-7. doi: 10.1002/food.200300335.
During the last stage of plant oil refining, deodorization distillates containing very important biological substances such as tocopherols, sterols, terpenoids or hydrocarbons are formed as a by-products. This study aimed at evaluating the content and antioxidant capacity of tocopherol concentrates from deodorization distillates obtained after the refining of rapeseed, soybean and sunflower oil. The majority of the matrix substances were eliminated from deodorization distillates by freezing with an acetone solution at -70 degrees C. The tocopherol concentrates obtained in this way contained approximately fivefold more tocopherols than the quantity in condensates after deodorization. Antioxidant activity was investigated by observing the peroxide value at 25 degrees C and using the Oxidograph test. The test medium was lard enriched with the tocopherol concentrates of the three plant oils versus single, synthetic alpha-, gamma- and delta-tocopherols (-T), which served for comparison. In these model systems, all investigated tocopherol concentrates exhibited antioxidant capacity. Their antioxidant effect was significantly lower than that of single delta-T and gamma-T, but significantly higher than alpha-T. The results prove that natural tocopherol concentrates obtained from plant oils are valuable food antioxidants and they also increase the biological and nutritional value of food especially when administered to animal fats or food of animal origin. Tocopherol concentrates can fully replace synthetic antioxidants that have been used thus far.
在植物油精炼的最后阶段，会形成含有生育酚、甾醇、萜类化合物或碳氢化合物等非常重要生物物质的脱臭馏出物作为副产物。本研究旨在评估菜籽、大豆和葵花籽油精炼后所得脱臭馏出物中生育酚浓缩物的含量及抗氧化能力。通过在-70℃下用丙酮溶液冷冻，从脱臭馏出物中去除了大部分基质物质。以这种方式获得的生育酚浓缩物中生育酚的含量约为脱臭后冷凝物中生育酚含量的五倍。通过观察25℃下的过氧化值并使用氧化仪试验来研究抗氧化活性。试验介质为富含三种植物油生育酚浓缩物的猪油，与单一的合成α-、γ-和δ-生育酚（-T）作比较，后者用于对照。在这些模型体系中，所有研究的生育酚浓缩物均表现出抗氧化能力。它们的抗氧化效果明显低于单一的δ-T和γ-T，但明显高于α-T。结果证明，从植物油中获得的天然生育酚浓缩物是有价值的食品抗氧化剂，它们还能提高食品的生物学和营养价值，尤其是当添加到动物脂肪或动物源性食品中时。生育酚浓缩物可以完全替代迄今为止一直使用的合成抗氧化剂。
