Thabet Abdel Aziz Mousa, Abed Yehia, Vostanis Panos
Greenwood Institute of ChildHealth, Leicester, UK.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2004 Mar;45(3):533-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00243.x.
We examined the prevalence and nature of comorbid post-traumatic stress reactions and depressive symptoms, and the impact of exposure to traumatic events on both types of psychopathology, among Palestinian children during war conflict in the region.
The 403 children aged 9-15 years, who lived in four refugee camps, were assessed by completing the Gaza Traumatic Events Checklist, the Child Post Traumatic Stress Reaction Index (CPTSD-RI), and the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ).
Children reported experiencing a wide range of traumatic events, both direct experience of violence and through the media. CPTSD-RI and MFQ scores were significantly correlated. Both CPTSD-RI and MFQ scores were independently predicted by the number of experienced traumatic events, and this association remained after adjusting for socioeconomic variables. Exposure to traumatic events strongly predicted MFQ scores while controlling for CPTSD-RI scores. In contrast, the association between traumatic events and CPTSD-RI scores, while controlling for MFQ scores, was weak. The CPTSD-RI items whose frequency was significantly associated with total MFQ scores were: sleep disturbance, somatic complaints, constricted affect, impulse control, and difficulties in concentration. However, not all remaining CPTSD-RI items were significantly associated with exposure to traumatic events, thus raising the possibility that the association between depression and PTSD was due in part to symptom overlap.
Children living in war zones are at high risk of suffering from PTSD and depressive disorders. Exposure to trauma was not found to have a unique association with PTSD. The relationship between PTSD and depressive symptomatology requires further investigation.
我们调查了巴勒斯坦儿童在该地区战争冲突期间创伤后应激反应和抑郁症状共病的患病率及性质，以及接触创伤性事件对这两种精神病理学类型的影响。
对居住在四个难民营的403名9至15岁儿童进行评估，方法是完成《加沙创伤性事件清单》《儿童创伤后应激反应指数》（CPTSD-RI）和《简短情绪与情感问卷》（MFQ）。
儿童报告经历了广泛的创伤性事件，包括暴力的直接体验和通过媒体接触到的。CPTSD-RI和MFQ得分显著相关。经历的创伤性事件数量可独立预测CPTSD-RI和MFQ得分，在调整社会经济变量后这种关联依然存在。在控制CPTSD-RI得分的情况下，接触创伤性事件能强烈预测MFQ得分。相反，在控制MFQ得分时，创伤性事件与CPTSD-RI得分之间的关联较弱。与MFQ总分显著相关的CPTSD-RI项目有：睡眠障碍、躯体不适、情感受限、冲动控制和注意力不集中。然而，并非所有其余的CPTSD-RI项目都与接触创伤性事件显著相关，因此增加了抑郁与创伤后应激障碍之间的关联部分归因于症状重叠的可能性。
生活在战区的儿童患创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症的风险很高。未发现接触创伤与创伤后应激障碍有独特关联。创伤后应激障碍与抑郁症状之间的关系需要进一步研究。
