Hirshman Elliot, Fisher Julia, Henthorn Thomas, Arndt Jason, Passannante Anthony
Department of Psychology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
Mem Cognit. 2003 Dec;31(8):1181-7. doi: 10.3758/bf03195801.
The benzodiazepine midazolam produces a dense anterograde amnesia. Recent findings (see, e.g., Hirshman, Passannante, & Arndt, 2001) have demonstrated that midazolam produces larger impairments on explicit memory tests such as free recall and recognition memory than on implicit memory tests such as perceptual identification and free association. Such findings suggest that midazolam impairs conscious, controlled memory processes. In the present experiments, we used Jacoby's (1991, 1998) process-dissociation procedure to examine this hypothesis. Our results demonstrate that midazolam increases the production of old items on the exclusion task and reduces the production of old items on the inclusion task. Moreover, generation effects, hypothesized to arise from conscious processes, are reduced by midazolam on both tasks. Analyses using both independence and redundancy models of the process-dissociation procedure confirm the conclusion that midazolam impairs conscious memory processes.
苯二氮䓬类药物咪达唑仑会导致严重的顺行性遗忘。最近的研究结果（例如，见Hirshman、Passannante和Arndt，2001）表明，咪达唑仑对诸如自由回忆和识别记忆等显性记忆测试产生的损害比对诸如知觉识别和自由联想等隐性记忆测试产生的损害更大。这些发现表明，咪达唑仑会损害有意识的、受控制的记忆过程。在本实验中，我们使用了雅各比（1991年、1998年）的加工分离程序来检验这一假设。我们的结果表明，咪达唑仑增加了排除任务中旧项目的产生，并减少了包含任务中旧项目的产生。此外，推测由有意识过程产生的生成效应在两项任务中都被咪达唑仑削弱。使用加工分离程序的独立性和冗余模型进行的分析证实了咪达唑仑损害有意识记忆过程这一结论。
