Sagi-Schwartz Abraham, Koren-Karie Nina, Joels Tirtsa
The Center for the Study of Child Development, University of Haifa, 6035 Rabin Building, Haifa 31905, Israel.
Attach Hum Dev. 2003 Dec;5(4):398-408; discussion 409-14. doi: 10.1080/14616730310001633429.
In the present study attachment theory was used as a conceptual framework to investigate the long-term effects of the Holocaust on child survivors. Child survivors who as children lost both mothers and fathers as a result of the Holocaust (N=48), were administered the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) in their late adulthood. They were expected to display enduring disorganization from their horrible experiences with loss of attachment figures, and indeed the results confirmed the lasting effects of the Holocaust on the survivors who displayed a very high rate of unresolved loss (U; 42%). At the same time, however, a number of child survivors (n=4) displayed clear markers of failed mourning that might be seen as another alternative to unsatisfactory completion of the mourning process (integral part of the traditional U-category). Such markers were never discussed in length by the traditional coding system of the AAI. The implications of viewing failed mourning as part of unresolved loss are discussed.
在本研究中，依恋理论被用作一个概念框架，以调查大屠杀对儿童幸存者的长期影响。那些在儿童时期因大屠杀而失去双亲的儿童幸存者（N = 48），在成年后期接受了成人依恋访谈（AAI）。他们被认为会因与依恋对象丧失相关的可怕经历而表现出持久的混乱状态，而结果确实证实了大屠杀对那些表现出极高未解决丧失率（U；42%）的幸存者的持久影响。然而，与此同时，一些儿童幸存者（n = 4）表现出明显的哀悼失败迹象，这可能被视为哀悼过程未令人满意完成（传统U类别的组成部分）的另一种情况。AAI的传统编码系统从未深入讨论过此类迹象。本文讨论了将哀悼失败视为未解决丧失一部分的含义。
