Grooms Daniel L
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, A100 VTH, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2004 Mar;20(1):5-19. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2003.11.006.
Reproductive efficiency is imperative for the maintenance of profitability in both dairy and cow-calf enterprises. Bovine viral diarrhea virus is an important infectious disease agent of cattle that can potentially have a negative effect on all phases of reproduction. Reduced conception rates,early embryonic deaths, abortions, congenital defects, and weak calves have all been associated BVDV infection of susceptible females. In addition, the birth of calves PI with BVDV as a result of in utero fetal exposure is extremely important in the perpetuation of the virus in an infected herd or spread to other susceptible herds. Bulls acutely or PI with BVDV may bea source of viral spread through either natural service or semen used in artificial insemination. Management practices including elimination of PI cattle, biosecurity measures and strategic use of vaccination can be implemented to reduce the risk of BVDV related reproductive losses. Development of vaccines and vaccine strategies capable of providing better protection against fetal infection would be of benefit.
繁殖效率对于维持奶牛场和肉牛繁育企业的盈利能力至关重要。牛病毒性腹泻病毒是牛的一种重要传染病原体，可能对繁殖的各个阶段产生负面影响。受感染的易感母牛出现受孕率降低、早期胚胎死亡、流产、先天性缺陷和犊牛体弱等情况均与牛病毒性腹泻病毒感染有关。此外，由于子宫内胎儿接触牛病毒性腹泻病毒而出生的持续性感染犊牛，对于病毒在受感染牛群中的持续存在或传播到其他易感牛群极为重要。急性感染或持续性感染牛病毒性腹泻病毒的公牛可能通过自然交配或人工授精所用精液成为病毒传播源。可实施包括淘汰持续性感染牛、生物安全措施和疫苗的策略性使用等管理措施，以降低与牛病毒性腹泻病毒相关的繁殖损失风险。研发能够更好地预防胎儿感染的疫苗和疫苗策略将大有裨益。
