Schiavetti Nicholas, Metz Dale Evan, Whitehead Robert L, Brown Shannon, Borges Janie, Rivera Sara, Schultz Christine
Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, State University of New York, 218 Sturges Hall, One College Circle, Geneseo, NY 14454, USA.
J Commun Disord. 2004 May-Jun;37(3):275-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2003.10.003.
This study investigated the acoustical and perceptual characteristics of vowels in speech produced during simultaneous communication (SC). Twelve normal hearing, experienced sign language users were recorded under SC and speech alone (SA) conditions speaking a set of sentences containing monosyllabic words designed for measurement of vowel duration, formant frequencies, and fundamental frequency in consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) syllables and 60 listeners audited the speech samples. Although results indicated longer sentence and vowel durations for SC than SA, the data showed no difference in spectral characteristics of vowels produced during SC versus SA, indicating no degradation of vowel spectrum by rate alteration during SC. Further, no difference was found in listeners' ability to identify vowels produced during SC versus SA, indicating no degradation of vowel perceptual cues during SC. These conclusions are consistent with previous research indicating that temporal alterations produced by SC do not produce degradation of segmental acoustical characteristics of spoken English.
As a result of this activity, the participant will be able to (1) describe simultaneous communication; (2) explain the role of simultaneous communication in communication with children who are deaf; (3) describe vowel acoustics in English speech; (4) discuss methods of measuring vowel perception; (5) specify the acoustic characteristics of vowels produced during simultaneous communication; and (6) specify the ability of listeners to perceive vowels in speech produced during simultaneous communication.
本研究调查了同步交流（SC）过程中语音中元音的声学和感知特征。记录了12名听力正常、有经验的手语使用者在同步交流和单独言语（SA）条件下说出的一组包含单音节词的句子，这些句子旨在测量辅音-元音-辅音（CVC）音节中的元音时长、共振峰频率和基频，并且有60名听众对语音样本进行了听觉评估。尽管结果表明同步交流时的句子和元音时长比单独言语时更长，但数据显示同步交流与单独言语时所发元音的频谱特征没有差异，这表明同步交流过程中语速改变并未使元音频谱退化。此外，在听众识别同步交流与单独言语时所发元音的能力方面未发现差异，这表明同步交流过程中元音感知线索未退化。这些结论与之前的研究一致，即同步交流产生的时间改变不会导致英语口语的音段声学特征退化。
通过本活动，参与者将能够（1）描述同步交流；（2）解释同步交流在与失聪儿童交流中的作用；（3）描述英语语音中的元音声学；（4）讨论测量元音感知的方法；（5）明确同步交流过程中所发元音的声学特征；以及（6）明确听众感知同步交流过程中所发语音中元音的能力。
