禽分枝杆菌副结核亚种在反刍动物肠道中感染的建立。

Establishment of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in the intestine of ruminants.

作者信息

Sigurethardóttir Olöf G, Valheim Mette, Press Charles McL

机构信息

Department of Pathology, National Veterinary Institute, The Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 8156 dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway.

出版信息

Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2004 Apr 19;56(6):819-34. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2003.10.032.

DOI:10.1016/j.addr.2003.10.032

PMID:15063592

Abstract

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (M. a. paratuberculosis) is the cause of paratuberculosis, which is a chronic enteritis of ruminants characterized by granulomatous inflammation. The transmission of the infection is mainly by faecal contaminated feed. The bacteria are transported from the intestinal lumen into the intestinal wall via M cells, which overlie the domes of Peyer's patches. It is proposed that integrin receptors on the apical surface of M cells bind fibronectin-opsonized bacteria, facilitating phagocytosis by these cells. After crossing the epithelial barrier of the intestine, the bacteria are phagocytosed by macrophages, which are the target cell for this microorganism. Macrophages internalize the bacteria by binding to different receptors, including the complement receptor 3, and phagosomes containing the organisms are formed. Macrophages can destroy M. a. paratuberculosis, but not by way of oxidative compounds. The bacteria manipulate macrophages in order to survive, inhibiting the maturation and acidification of the phagosomes, and modulating macrophage cytokine production and antigen-presentation.

摘要

副结核分枝杆菌（M. a. paratuberculosis）是副结核病的病原体，副结核病是一种反刍动物的慢性肠炎，其特征为肉芽肿性炎症。感染的传播主要通过粪便污染的饲料。细菌通过覆盖派尔集合淋巴结圆顶的M细胞从肠腔转运至肠壁。有人提出，M细胞顶端表面的整合素受体结合纤连蛋白调理素化的细菌，促进这些细胞的吞噬作用。穿过肠道上皮屏障后，细菌被巨噬细胞吞噬，巨噬细胞是这种微生物的靶细胞。巨噬细胞通过与不同受体（包括补体受体3）结合来内化细菌，并形成含有这些生物体的吞噬体。巨噬细胞可以破坏副结核分枝杆菌，但不是通过氧化化合物的方式。细菌为了生存而操纵巨噬细胞，抑制吞噬体的成熟和酸化，并调节巨噬细胞细胞因子的产生和抗原呈递。