Marians Kenneth J
Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2004 Jan 29;359(1441):71-7. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2003.1366.
Replication of the genome is crucial for the accurate transmission of genetic information. It has become clear over the last decade that the orderly progression of replication forks in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes is disrupted with high frequency by encounters with various obstacles either on or in the template strands. Survival of the organism then becomes dependent on both removal of the obstruction and resumption of replication. This latter point is particularly important in bacteria, where the number of replication forks per genome is nominally only two. Replication restart in Escherichia coli is accomplished by the action of the restart primosomal proteins, which use both recombination intermediates and stalled replication forks as substrates for loading new replication forks. These reactions have been reconstituted with purified recombination and replication proteins.
基因组的复制对于遗传信息的准确传递至关重要。在过去十年中已经明确，无论是原核生物还是真核生物，复制叉的有序推进都频繁地因遇到模板链上或模板链中的各种障碍而被打断。生物体的存活随后就依赖于障碍物的清除和复制的重新开始。后一点在细菌中尤为重要，因为每个基因组的复制叉数量名义上只有两个。大肠杆菌中的复制重新启动是通过重新启动引发体蛋白的作用来完成的，这些蛋白利用重组中间体和停滞的复制叉作为加载新复制叉的底物。这些反应已经用纯化的重组和复制蛋白进行了重组。
