Frieswijk Nynke, Buunk Bram P, Steverink Nardi, Slaets Joris P J
Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Psychol Aging. 2004 Mar;19(1):183-90. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.19.1.183.
In this study, the authors examined the effects of social comparison on the life satisfaction of 455 community-dwelling older persons. These older persons were confronted with a fictitious interview with either an upward or a downward target. After downward comparison, older persons felt more satisfied with their lives than after upward comparison, especially those who had higher levels of frailty. These effects were only found with lower levels of identification. Apparently, downward comparison only serves its self-enhancing function on life satisfaction among frail older persons when they perceive the comparison target as different from themselves.
在本研究中，作者考察了社会比较对455名社区居住老年人生活满意度的影响。这些老年人面临与向上或向下目标的虚拟访谈。向下比较后，老年人比向上比较后对自己的生活更满意，尤其是那些身体虚弱程度较高的人。这些影响仅在较低的认同水平下被发现。显然，当虚弱的老年人将比较目标视为与自己不同时，向下比较才会对他们的生活满意度起到自我提升的作用。
