Hamel Kathryn A, Cavanagh Peter R
Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Service, University of California at San Francisco, 94143, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2004 Apr;52(4):563-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52162.x.
To examine specific behaviors used by older adults while ascending and descending stairs and to assess the relationships between confidence and stair performance.
Cross-sectional.
Center for Locomotion Studies, The Pennsylvania State University.
Sixteen male (mean age=82.7, range= 77-89) and 16 female (mean age=82.2, range=77-87) community-dwelling adults.
A stair self-efficacy (SSE) test was created to assess individuals' confidence in their safety on stairs. Observational stair performance measures, measures of walking speed on stairs, and the total SSE score were examined for differences due to sex, and the relationships between SSE and specific stair behaviors were assessed.
There was a significant relationship between SSE and the safety precautions taken during stair negotiation. Those with lower SSE were more likely to ascend and descend the stairs at a slower speed, use the handrail to a greater extent, and position themselves closer to the rail. The women had lower domain-specific SSE and tended to use the handrail to a greater extent than men even though there were no sex differences in self-reported functional ability or general falls and mobility confidence. A small group of subjects exhibited characteristics of instability, particularly during stair descent, yet most of this group had high SSE scores and failed to use the handrail.
It appears that confidence related to stair negotiation plays a major role in determining risk-taking propensity during stair use in older adults.
研究老年人上下楼梯时使用的特定行为，并评估自信心与楼梯行走表现之间的关系。
横断面研究。
宾夕法尼亚州立大学运动研究中心。
16名男性（平均年龄=82.7岁，范围=77 - 89岁）和16名女性（平均年龄=82.2岁，范围=77 - 87岁）社区居住成年人。
创建了一项楼梯自我效能感（SSE）测试，以评估个体对在楼梯上的安全性的信心。检查了观察性楼梯行走表现测量、楼梯行走速度测量以及SSE总分在性别上的差异，并评估了SSE与特定楼梯行为之间的关系。
SSE与楼梯通行期间采取的安全预防措施之间存在显著关系。SSE较低的人更有可能以较慢的速度上下楼梯，更多地使用扶手，并且身体更靠近扶手。女性在特定领域的SSE较低，并且即使在自我报告的功能能力、一般跌倒和移动信心方面没有性别差异，她们使用扶手的程度也往往比男性更大。一小部分受试者表现出不稳定的特征，尤其是在楼梯下行期间，但该组中的大多数人SSE得分较高且未使用扶手。
似乎与楼梯通行相关的信心在决定老年人使用楼梯时的冒险倾向方面起主要作用。
