一种被设计用作汽车催化转化器排放模型的物质的铂溶解度。

Platinum solubility of a substance designed as a model for emissions of automobile catalytic converters.

作者信息

Nachtigall D, Kock H, Artelt S, Levsen K, Wünsch G, Rühle T, Schlögl R

机构信息

Fraunhofer Institut für Toxikologie und Aerosolforschung, Nikolai-Fuchs-Strasse 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany.

出版信息

Anal Bioanal Chem. 1996 Mar;354(5-6):742-6. doi: 10.1007/s0021663540742.

DOI:10.1007/s0021663540742

PMID:15067484

Abstract

Automobile catalytic converters emit nanocrystalline platinum attached to alumina particles. For investigations about the bioavailability of Pt from these particles a model substance with approx. 5% Pt on alumina has been prepared and characterized by physical methods (ESCA, XRD, TEM, DTA, TG). Measuring the platinum solubility of these samples in different solvents revealed high amounts that can be explained assuming a corrosion process. The portion of soluble platinum is dependent on the particle size distribution. For a comparative study platinum black has been used. In general the platinum determination has been carried out by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS). The comparison of ET-AAS results with determinations by adsorptive voltammetry (formazone method) allowed to distinguish between elemental and ionic platinum; in solution samples only ionic platinum has been present. UV spectra of extracts have been used for the semi-quantitative platinum speciation in solutions.

摘要

汽车催化转化器会排放附着在氧化铝颗粒上的纳米晶铂。为了研究这些颗粒中铂的生物有效性，制备了一种氧化铝上铂含量约为5%的模型物质，并通过物理方法（光电子能谱、X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、差热分析、热重分析）对其进行了表征。测量这些样品在不同溶剂中的铂溶解度发现，溶解量很高，这可以通过假设一个腐蚀过程来解释。可溶铂的比例取决于颗粒大小分布。为了进行对比研究，使用了铂黑。一般来说，铂的测定是通过电热原子吸收光谱法（ET - AAS）进行的。将ET - AAS结果与吸附伏安法（甲臜法）的测定结果进行比较，可以区分元素铂和离子铂；在溶液样品中只存在离子铂。提取物的紫外光谱已用于溶液中铂的半定量形态分析。