Kao Hsueh-Fen S, Travis Shirley S, Acton Gayle J
School of Nursing, College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 28223, USA.
J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2004 Mar;42(3):10-6. doi: 10.3928/02793695-20040315-04.
Permanent relocation of a dependent older adult to a long-term care facility can occur for a number of reasons, including the need for postacute care or a higher level of care than can be provided in a less-restrictive environment, and/or the inability of family members or others to care for the individual in a noninstitutional setting. Outcomes of institutional placement may be either negative, such as the older adult experiencing relocation stress syndrome, or positive, such as improved management of chronic illnesses and reversal of functional decline. This article offers a review of the factors that predict when and where older adults will relocate for institutional long-term care, an overview of individual transitions to institutional care, and suggestions for seamless transitions during the preinstitutionalization, transitional, and postinstitutionalization phases of relocation, which are guided by a transactionist approach to stress and coping.
出于多种原因，受抚养的老年人可能会永久性地搬到长期护理机构，这些原因包括需要急性后期护理或需要比限制较少的环境所能提供的更高水平的护理，和/或家庭成员或其他人无法在非机构环境中照顾该个体。机构安置的结果可能是负面的，比如老年人经历搬迁应激综合征，也可能是正面的，比如慢性病管理得到改善和功能衰退得到逆转。本文综述了预测老年人何时以及在何处会搬到机构接受长期护理的因素，概述了个体向机构护理的过渡，并针对搬迁前机构化、过渡和机构化后阶段的无缝过渡提出了建议，这些建议以应激与应对的交互作用方法为指导。
