Repair of the aortic arch with left unilateral selective cerebral perfusion.

A 67-year-old woman who presented with chest and back pain was diagnosed with an aneurysm of the ascending aorta. Coronary angiography and aortography were performed via the right brachial artery, which was complicated by axillary artery dissection. At surgery, despite our clinical experience of using the right upper brachial artery for arterial cannulation, right femoral artery cannulation was performed to establish cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) as the dissection was extending to the brachiocephalic artery. The aortic crossclamp was placed on the arch of the aorta just after the origin of the brachiocephalic artery so that cerebral perfusion was performed via the left common carotid and left vertebral and basilar arteries through the left subclavian artery. No neurologic event was observed during the intensive care unit stay and follow-up period. To the best of our knowledge, the literature contains no other report of the use of only the left carotid and subclavian arteries to perfuse cerebral structures during CPB.