Yancy Clyde W
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology Division, CS7-102, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2004 Apr;6(4 Suppl 1):34-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-6175.2004.03566.x.
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, with African-American men having the highest rate of cardiovascular mortality in the US population. Although the clustering of multiple cardiovascular risk factors is particularly apparent in this group, a key reason for the higher rate of cardiovascular mortality among African-American men compared with other ethnic groups may be related to underdiagnosis and undertreatment. Studies have shown that minority persons with myocardial infarction are less likely than non-minorities to be diagnosed, to receive appropriate drug therapy, or to undergo bypass surgery. However, there are no data that suggest established treatments and secondary prevention strategies are less effective in African Americans. Appropriate therapy for secondary prevention--including thrombolysis, antiplatelet strategies, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, beta blockade, and lipid-lowering therapies--results in significant reductions in mortality for all patients.
心脏病是美国的主要死因，非裔美国男性的心血管死亡率在美国人群中最高。尽管多种心血管危险因素的聚集在该群体中尤为明显，但与其他种族群体相比，非裔美国男性心血管死亡率较高的一个关键原因可能与诊断不足和治疗不足有关。研究表明，患有心肌梗死的少数族裔比非少数族裔更不容易被诊断出来，接受适当的药物治疗或进行搭桥手术。然而，没有数据表明既定的治疗方法和二级预防策略在非裔美国人中效果较差。二级预防的适当治疗——包括溶栓、抗血小板策略、血管紧张素转换酶抑制、β受体阻滞剂和降脂治疗——可显著降低所有患者的死亡率。
