Cloning and developmental expression of nonmuscle myosin IIA (Myh9) in the mammalian inner ear.

MYH9 encoding a nonmuscle myosin heavy chain has been linked to nonsyndromic and syndromic forms of autosomal dominant hereditary hearing loss, suggesting a critical biological role of this motor protein in the auditory organ. While Myh9 expression has been described in the adult mouse, critical parameters pertaining to its developmental expression remain to be characterized. The current study describes cloning of the mouse Myh9 cDNA and the temporal onset and spatial distribution of Myh9 expression in the inner ear of the developing fetus, the neonate, and the adult. The cloned Myh9 cDNA contained two single-base-pair differences from the published genomic sequence: T990C (G330G) and T5198A (L1733Q). Immunoblotting of embryonic (E15.5) and adult tissues from several organs, including the cochlea, identified a single 250-kDa anti-Myh9-immunoreactive band, supporting an absence of Myh9 splice variants in the fetus and the adult. In situ expression analysis identified Myh9 distributed within the epithelial layer of the otic vesicle at E10.5. Myh9 expression was found to persist within the epithelia surrounding the cochlear duct at E13.5 and E16.5. The sensory cells of the developing cochlea were positive for Myh9 expression at E16.5. Within the neonate and the adult cochlea, Myh9 expression was observed within the sensory hair cells and the supporting hair cells of the organ of Corti, the spiral ligament, and the spiral limbus, but not in the stria vascularis. Identification of Myh9 in the developing and mature inner ear suggests a role for this protein in the development and maintenance of auditory function.