Pechmann T, Mohr G
Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Mem Cognit. 1992 May;20(3):314-20. doi: 10.3758/bf03199668.
The degree of interference caused by different kinds of stimuli on memory for tonal pitch was studied. Musically trained and untrained subjects heard a sequence of two tones separated by an interval of 5 sec. The tones were either identical in pitch or differed by a semitone. Subjects had to decide whether the tones were identical or not. The interval was filled with tonal, verbal, or visual material under attended and unattended conditions. The results revealed clear group differences. Musically trained subjects' retention of the first test tone was only affected by the interposition of other tones. In contrast, the performance of musically untrained subjects was also affected by verbal and visual items. The findings are discussed in the framework of Baddeley's (1986) working-memory model.
研究了不同类型的刺激对音高记忆造成的干扰程度。接受过音乐训练和未接受过音乐训练的受试者听了一组由5秒间隔隔开的两个音调序列。这些音调要么音高相同，要么相差半音。受试者必须判断音调是否相同。在有注意力和无注意力的条件下，间隔时间内填充有音调、语言或视觉材料。结果显示出明显的组间差异。受过音乐训练的受试者对第一个测试音调的保留仅受其他音调插入的影响。相比之下，未受过音乐训练的受试者的表现也受到语言和视觉项目的影响。研究结果在巴德利（1986）的工作记忆模型框架内进行了讨论。
