Eagan T M L, Gulsvik A, Eide G E, Bakke P S
Dept of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.
Eur Respir J. 2004 Apr;23(4):589-94. doi: 10.1183/09031936.04.00041204.
Few studies have estimated the remission rates of respiratory symptoms in general populations. No community cohort studies have examined the impact of smoking cessation and previous dust or fumes exposure on the remission of respiratory symptoms. In the Hordaland County Study, an 11-yr community cohort (1985-1996/1997) from Western Norway, data from 2,819 subjects were used to examine the remission of six respiratory symptoms. The measured cumulative remission varied from 42.3% for morning cough to 58.4% for chronic cough. Smoking cessation was a significant predictor of remission of the cough symptoms and wheezing, with odds ratios (OR) (95% confidence intervals (CI)) varying from 2.2 (1.3-3.7) for wheezing to 6.2 (3.5-11.2) for morning cough, after adjustment for sex, age, pack-years smoked, previous dust or fumes exposure, and educational level. In those not previously exposed to dust or fumes, the adjusted OR (95% CI) for the remission of morning cough, phlegm cough, dyspnoea grade 2, attacks of dyspnoea and wheezing varied from 1.5 (0.9-2.5) for attacks of dyspnoea to 2.1 (1.1-3.9) for dyspnoea grade 2, as compared to those previously exposed to dust or fumes. This study suggests a beneficial effect of smoking cessation and an adverse effect of occupational exposure on the remission of respiratory symptoms.
很少有研究估计普通人群中呼吸道症状的缓解率。尚无社区队列研究考察戒烟以及既往接触粉尘或烟雾对呼吸道症状缓解的影响。在霍达兰郡研究中，该研究为一项来自挪威西部的为期11年（1985 - 1996/1997年）的社区队列研究，2819名受试者的数据被用于考察六种呼吸道症状的缓解情况。所测得的累积缓解率从晨咳的42.3%到慢性咳嗽的58.4%不等。在对性别、年龄、吸烟包年数、既往接触粉尘或烟雾情况以及教育水平进行调整后，戒烟是咳嗽症状和喘息缓解的显著预测因素，喘息的优势比（OR）（95%置信区间（CI））为2.2（1.3 - 3.7），晨咳的优势比为6.2（3.5 - 11.2）。在那些既往未接触粉尘或烟雾的人群中，与既往接触过粉尘或烟雾的人群相比，晨咳、咳痰性咳嗽、2级呼吸困难、呼吸困难发作和喘息缓解的调整后OR（95%CI）从呼吸困难发作的1.5（0.9 - 2.5）到2级呼吸困难的2.1（1.1 - 3.9）不等。这项研究表明戒烟对呼吸道症状的缓解有有益作用，而职业接触则有不利影响。
