Cassidy J David, Carroll Linda J, Peloso Paul M, Borg Jörgen, von Holst Hans, Holm Lena, Kraus Jess, Coronado Victor G
Alberta Centre for Injury Control and Research, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
J Rehabil Med. 2004 Feb(43 Suppl):28-60. doi: 10.1080/16501960410023732.
We undertook a best-evidence synthesis on the incidence, risk factors and prevention of mild traumatic brain injury.
Medline, Cinahl, PsycINFO and Embase were searched for relevant articles. After screening 38,806 abstracts, we critically reviewed 169 studies on incidence, risk and prevention, and accepted 121 (72%).
The accepted articles show that 70-90% of all treated brain injuries are mild, and the incidence of hospital-treated patients with mild traumatic brain injury is about 100-300/100,000 population. However, much mild traumatic brain injury is not treated at hospitals, and the true population-based rate is probably above 600/100,000. Mild traumatic brain injury is more common in males and in teenagers and young adults. Falls and motor-vehicle collisions are common causes.
Strong evidence supports helmet use to prevent mild traumatic brain injury in motorcyclists and bicyclists. The mild traumatic brain injury literature is of varying quality, and the studies are very heterogeneous. Nevertheless, there is evidence that mild traumatic brain injury is an important public health problem, but we need more high-quality research into this area.
我们对轻度创伤性脑损伤的发病率、危险因素及预防措施进行了最佳证据综合分析。
检索了Medline、Cinahl、PsycINFO和Embase数据库中的相关文章。在筛选了38,806篇摘要后，我们对169项关于发病率、风险和预防的研究进行了严格评审，最终纳入121项研究（占72%）。
纳入的文章显示，所有接受治疗的脑损伤中，70 - 90%为轻度损伤，医院收治的轻度创伤性脑损伤患者发病率约为每10万人中有100 - 300例。然而，许多轻度创伤性脑损伤患者未在医院接受治疗，基于人群的实际发病率可能高于每10万人600例。轻度创伤性脑损伤在男性以及青少年和青年中更为常见。跌倒和机动车碰撞是常见原因。
有力证据支持使用头盔预防摩托车骑行者和自行车骑行者的轻度创伤性脑损伤。轻度创伤性脑损伤相关文献质量参差不齐，研究差异很大。尽管如此，有证据表明轻度创伤性脑损伤是一个重要的公共卫生问题，但我们需要对该领域进行更多高质量的研究。
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