Cohen M L
Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Science. 1992 Aug 21;257(5073):1050-5. doi: 10.1126/science.257.5073.1050.
In the last several years, the frequency and spectrum of antimicrobial-resistant infections have increased in both the hospital and the community. Certain infections that are essentially untreatable have begun to occur as epidemics both in the developing world and in institutional settings in the United States. The increasing frequency of drug resistance has been attributed to combinations of microbial characteristics, selective pressures of antimicrobial use, and societal and technologic changes that enhance the transmission of drug-resistant organisms. Antimicrobial resistance is resulting in increased morbidity, mortality, and health-care costs. Prevention and control of these infections will require new antimicrobial agents, prudent use of existing agents, new vaccines, and enhanced public health efforts to reduce transmission.
在过去几年中，医院和社区中耐抗菌药物感染的频率和范围都有所增加。某些基本上无法治疗的感染已开始在发展中国家以及美国的医疗机构中流行。耐药性频率的增加归因于微生物特性、抗菌药物使用的选择压力以及促进耐药生物体传播的社会和技术变化的综合作用。抗菌药物耐药性导致发病率、死亡率和医疗保健成本增加。预防和控制这些感染将需要新的抗菌药物、谨慎使用现有药物、新疫苗以及加强公共卫生努力以减少传播。
