Sanders J R, McGrath S P, Adams T M
Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, Great Britain.
Environ Pollut. 1987;44(3):193-210. doi: 10.1016/0269-7491(87)90003-0.
Sludges containing high concentrations of zinc, copper or nickel and an uncontaminated sludge were added to two sandy loams (pH 6.5 and 7.1), a heavy clay (pH 6.3) and a calcareous clay (pH 7.8) to give ten sludge treatments for each soil. The mixtures were incubated fallow, cropped continuously with clover, or cropped with barley and red beet in rotation for 21 months. The quantity of added metal either in the soil solution or extracted by 0.1m CaCl(2) depended on the metal loading, pH and soil cation exchange capacity, and changed with time after mixing soils and sludges. Crop metal concentrations, and the occurrence of metal-induced yield reductions, also depended on soil properties as well as metal loading. The best chemical extractant for predicting plant metal concentrations was 0.1m CaCl(2).
将含有高浓度锌、铜或镍的污泥以及未受污染的污泥添加到两种砂壤土（pH值分别为6.5和7.1）、一种重黏土（pH值为6.3）和一种钙质黏土（pH值为7.8）中，每种土壤设置十种污泥处理方式。这些混合物分别进行休耕培养、连续种植三叶草，或者轮作大麦和红甜菜，为期21个月。土壤溶液中或通过0.1m氯化钙提取的添加金属量取决于金属负载量、pH值和土壤阳离子交换容量，并在土壤与污泥混合后的时间里发生变化。作物中的金属浓度以及金属导致的产量降低情况也取决于土壤性质和金属负载量。预测植物金属浓度的最佳化学提取剂是0.1m氯化钙。
