Ozaltin Murat, Kaptanoğlu Cem, Aksaray Gökay
Osmangazi U Tip Fak., Psikiyatri AD., Eskişehir, Turkey.
Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2004 Spring;15(1):16-25.
We examined the rates of and factors associated with the development of acute stress disorder (ASD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after motor vehicle accidents (MVAs).
Forty hospitalized patients who had orthopedic injuries after MVAs and 26 hospitalized patients who had orthopedic injuries without a MVA were included in the study. One month after the MVA, the General Health Questionnare (GHQ) Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnare (PDEQ) and sociodemographic data questionnaire were given to all patients. At 3 and 6 months follow-up the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), HDRS, GHQ, and a questionnaire concerning medical problems caused by the accident along with economic and legal problems were applied.
20% of the inpatients in the MVA group developed ASD in the 1st month, 30% developed PTSD in the 3rd month and 17% developed PTSD in the 6th month, while in the control group none of the patients developed either ASD or PTSD. The MVA group had higher mean GHQ, HDRS and CAPS scores than the controls at the 1st, 3rd and the 6th months of follow-up.
Serious and long-term psychiatric problems are seen after MVAs. Early intervention and rehabilitation are needed for the risk groups determined.
我们研究了机动车事故（MVA）后急性应激障碍（ASD）和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的发生率及相关因素。
本研究纳入了40例因MVA导致骨科损伤的住院患者以及26例有骨科损伤但无MVA的住院患者。MVA发生1个月后，向所有患者发放一般健康问卷（GHQ）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HDRS）、领悟社会支持多维量表（MSPSS）、创伤解离体验问卷（PDEQ）以及社会人口学数据问卷。在3个月和6个月随访时，应用临床医生用PTSD量表（CAPS）、HDRS、GHQ，以及一份关于事故导致的医疗问题、经济和法律问题的问卷。
MVA组20%的住院患者在第1个月发生ASD，30%在第3个月发生PTSD，17%在第6个月发生PTSD，而对照组无患者发生ASD或PTSD。在随访的第1个月、第3个月和第6个月，MVA组的GHQ、HDRS和CAPS平均得分均高于对照组。
MVA后会出现严重且长期的精神问题。对于确定的风险人群需要进行早期干预和康复治疗。
