Rønne T, Trier H
Epidemiologisk afdeling, Statens Seruminstitut, København.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1992 Jul 13;154(29):2014-8.
In order to decide whether vaccination for measles, mumps and rubella should be introduced at the age of five years, calculations of the immunities in various age groups were performed until the year 2002 with and without vaccination at the age of five years. These calculations are based on the knowledge of immunity in the various age groups before the MMR vaccination programme was instituted in 1987 and knowledge of the compliance with vaccination obtained to date. Future predictions reveal that it is of decisive significance that compliance with vaccination among 12-year-olds is increased as rapidly as possible to 0.7 and to 0.8 in the subsequent year, if the level of immunity present prior to institution of the vaccination programme is to be maintained. The second vaccination given at a shorter interval after the first would prevent about 150 cases of illness in all per annum among 6-12 years-old. However, this should not be introduced at the expense of vaccination at the age of 12 years, which should be continued for at least 10-15 years yet. Possible abandoning of vaccination at the age of 12 years 10-15 years hence presupposes that adequate numbers of the children have been vaccinated twice at an early age and that it is sufficiently certain that secondary failure of vaccination does not occur to any significant extent.
为了决定是否应在五岁时引入麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹疫苗接种,对不同年龄组在2002年之前无论是否进行五岁时疫苗接种的免疫力进行了计算。这些计算基于1987年实施麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹联合疫苗(MMR)接种计划之前各年龄组的免疫情况以及迄今获得的疫苗接种依从性知识。未来预测表明,如果要维持疫苗接种计划实施前的免疫水平,至关重要的是尽快将12岁儿童的疫苗接种依从性提高到0.7,并在次年提高到0.8。在首次接种后较短间隔内进行第二次接种,每年可在6至12岁儿童中预防约150例发病。然而,这不应以牺牲12岁时的疫苗接种为代价,12岁时的疫苗接种应至少持续10至15年。10至15年后可能放弃12岁时的疫苗接种,前提是足够数量的儿童在幼年时已接种两次疫苗,并且有足够把握确保不会出现显著程度的疫苗接种继发失败。