Nilsson Berit, Holmgren Lars, Stegmayr Birgitta, Westman Göran
Family Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Scand J Public Health. 2003;31(4):297-304. doi: 10.1080/14034940210164920.
To explore the stability of sense of coherence (SOC) over time in a normal population and to examine its relation to gender and psychosocial factors.
The Northern Sweden MONICA Project population surveys were performed in 1994 and 1999. A cohort of 1,254 subjects participating in both surveys answered questions about experiences of disease, perceived health, marital status, psychosocial factors, and Antonovsky's SOC scale with 13 items.
The mean SOC score showed a decrease in the five-year follow-up and those with identified disease and the oldest age group (45-74 years) had the largest decrease of the SOC score. People with the lowest SOC scores in 1994 had the largest decrease during the period. Men and women shared a similar pattern regarding the decrease in SOC over time. The impact of individual social changes during the study period showed that both men and women who had experienced loss of perceived good health and high social support had the largest decrease. Furthermore, women seemed to be more affected by changes than men.
We found that SOC was only stable for those with initially high levels of SOC. For other people, individual conditions and societal changes influenced their SOC. Further longitudinal studies in normal populations are needed to investigate the stability of SOC scores.
探讨正常人群中连贯感（SOC）随时间的稳定性，并研究其与性别及社会心理因素的关系。
1994年和1999年进行了瑞典北部莫尼卡项目人口调查。1254名参与了这两次调查的受试者回答了有关疾病经历、自我感知健康状况、婚姻状况、社会心理因素以及包含13个条目的安托诺夫斯基连贯感量表的问题。
在五年随访中，连贯感平均得分呈下降趋势，患有确诊疾病的人群以及年龄最大的年龄组（45 - 74岁）连贯感得分下降幅度最大。1994年连贯感得分最低的人群在此期间下降幅度最大。随着时间推移，男性和女性在连贯感下降方面呈现相似模式。研究期间个体社会变化的影响表明，自我感知健康状况下降且社会支持度高的男性和女性连贯感下降幅度最大。此外，女性似乎比男性更容易受到变化的影响。
我们发现，连贯感仅在最初连贯感水平较高的人群中保持稳定。对于其他人而言，个体状况和社会变化会影响他们的连贯感。需要在正常人群中开展进一步的纵向研究以调查连贯感得分的稳定性。
