Leiderman Eduardo A, Strejilevich Sergio A
Asociación AREA de investigación y desarrollo en Salud Mental, and Department of Psychology, Universidad de Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Schizophr Res. 2004 Jun 1;68(2-3):217-23. doi: 10.1016/S0920-9964(03)00215-9.
Object and spatial visual working memory are impaired in schizophrenic patients. It is not clear if the impairments reside in each memory subsystem alone or also in the central executive component that coordinates these processes. In order to elucidate which memory component is impaired, we developed a paradigm with single spatial and object working memory tasks and dual ones with two different delays (5 and 30 s). Fifteen schizophrenic patients and 14 control subjects performed these tests. Schizophrenic patients had a poorer performance compared to normal controls in all tasks and in all time delays. Both schizophrenics and controls performed significantly worse in the object task than in the spatial task. The performance was even worse in the dual task compared to the singles ones in schizophrenic patients but not in controls. These data suggest that visuospatial performance deficits in schizophrenia are due to both visuospatial memory subsystems impairments and central executive ones. The pattern of deficits observed points to a codification or evocation deficit and not to a maintenance one.
精神分裂症患者的客体和空间视觉工作记忆受损。目前尚不清楚这种损伤是仅存在于每个记忆子系统中，还是也存在于协调这些过程的中央执行组件中。为了阐明哪个记忆组件受损，我们开发了一种范式，包括单一空间和客体工作记忆任务以及具有两种不同延迟（5秒和30秒）的双重任务。15名精神分裂症患者和14名对照受试者进行了这些测试。在所有任务和所有时间延迟下，精神分裂症患者的表现均比正常对照差。精神分裂症患者和对照在客体任务中的表现均明显比空间任务差。与单一任务相比，精神分裂症患者在双重任务中的表现更差，但对照则不然。这些数据表明，精神分裂症患者的视觉空间表现缺陷是由于视觉空间记忆子系统损伤和中央执行损伤共同导致的。观察到的缺陷模式表明是编码或唤起缺陷，而非维持缺陷。
