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作为诊断和管理问题的氨苄西林皮疹：病例报告及文献综述

The ampicillin rash as a diagnostic and management problem: case reports and literature review.

作者信息

Geyman J P, Erickson S

出版信息

J Fam Pract. 1978 Sep;7(3):493-6.

PMID:151125
Abstract

Ampicillin is the most commonly prescribed antibiotic in the United States, and causes skin reactions in five to ten percent of patient populations. These reactions are considerably more frequent in patients with a viral illness, infectious mononucleosis, and lymphocytic leukemia. Skin reactions to ampicillin are usually of two types: a maculopapular rash in about two thirds of cases, and urticaria in about one third of cases. There is strong evidence that the maculopapular rash is a benign, nonallergic phenomenon. Patients with the maculopapular ampicillin rash are often incorrectly labeled as allergic to ampicillin/penicillin. Ampicillin can be continued and administered again in the future in these patients, and this kind of skin reaction resolves spontaneously in a few days without sequelae. Skin tests are neither required nor recommended to document the nonallergic basis of the maculopapular ampicillin rash.

摘要

氨苄西林是美国最常用的处方药，在5%至10%的患者群体中会引起皮肤反应。在患有病毒性疾病、传染性单核细胞增多症和淋巴细胞白血病的患者中，这些反应更为常见。氨苄西林引起的皮肤反应通常有两种类型：约三分之二的病例为斑丘疹，约三分之一的病例为荨麻疹。有充分证据表明，斑丘疹是一种良性的非过敏现象。患有斑丘疹性氨苄西林皮疹的患者常被错误地标记为对氨苄西林/青霉素过敏。在这些患者中，氨苄西林可以继续使用，将来也可以再次给药，这种皮肤反应会在几天内自行消退，不留后遗症。对于斑丘疹性氨苄西林皮疹的非过敏基础，既不需要也不建议进行皮肤试验。

相似文献

1
The ampicillin rash as a diagnostic and management problem: case reports and literature review.作为诊断和管理问题的氨苄西林皮疹：病例报告及文献综述
J Fam Pract. 1978 Sep;7(3):493-6.
2
Ampicillin-induced maculopapular versus urticarial rash.氨苄西林引起的斑丘疹与荨麻疹样皮疹。
Ann Pharmacother. 1996 Apr;30(4):401-2. doi: 10.1177/106002809603000414.
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The rash with maculopapules and fever in adults.成人出现的斑丘疹和发热皮疹。
Clin Dermatol. 2019 Mar-Apr;37(2):109-118. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2018.12.004. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
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[Skin and hair].[皮肤与毛发]
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1996 Apr 6;126(14):549-58.
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The rash with maculopapules and fever in children.儿童出现的斑丘疹和发热皮疹。
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Sparing of leprosy macule in ampicillin hypersensitivity rash.氨苄西林超敏反应性皮疹中麻风斑的 spared（此处 spared 可能有误，推测可能是“ spared”，意为“ spared 保留、 spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared spared 氨苄西林超敏反应性皮疹中麻风斑未受累。 （推测原文中 spared 可能是 spared，根据语境翻译为“未受累”）
7
[Infectious mononucleosis and ampicillin].[传染性单核细胞增多症与氨苄西林]
Med Cutan Ibero Lat Am. 1986;14(3):177-80.
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Drug eruptions in children with ENT infections.耳鼻喉感染患儿的药物疹
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More comments on the ampicillin rash problem.关于氨苄西林皮疹问题的更多评论。
Pediatrics. 1977 Apr;59(4):638-9.
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Prospective study of cutaneous drug reactions.皮肤药物反应的前瞻性研究。
J Med Assoc Thai. 1989 Mar;72(3):167-71.

引用本文的文献

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Drug Saf. 2005;28(10):851-70. doi: 10.2165/00002018-200528100-00003.
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Joining the DoTS: new approach to classifying adverse drug reactions.加入药物不良反应术语集：药物不良反应分类的新方法。
BMJ. 2003 Nov 22;327(7425):1222-5. doi: 10.1136/bmj.327.7425.1222.
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Allergic reactions to drugs: involvement of T cells.药物过敏反应：T细胞的参与
Indian J Lepr. 1987 Jul-Sep;59(3):309-12.
Thorax. 2000 Oct;55 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S61-5. doi: 10.1136/thorax.55.suppl_2.s61.
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Non-sexually transmitted infectious diseases of the oral, nasal, and vaginal mucosae.口腔、鼻腔和阴道黏膜的非性传播感染性疾病。
Clin Dermatol. 1987 Apr-Jun;5(2):112-22. doi: 10.1016/0738-081x(87)90013-7.