Lam Amy G, Mak Amy, Lindsay Patricia D, Russell Stephen T
Health Psychology Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0848, USA.
AIDS Educ Prev. 2004 Apr;16(2):160-71. doi: 10.1521/aeap.16.2.160.29396.
Verbal-direct strategies are assumed to be the most effective strategies in negotiating condom use. Both cultural and gender differences in communication styles suggest that individuals may negotiate condoms in ways that are not exclusively verbal and direct. This study examined the use of other forms of condom negotiations by developing an exploratory scale that distinguished strategies on how verbal and direct they were (i.e., verbal-direct, verbal-indirect, nonverbal-direct, nonverbal-indirect). The study compared the use of negotiation strategies among Asian and White American students at a northern California university. Results indicated that although direct strategies (verbal and nonverbal) were more frequently used, condom users also employed indirect strategies (verbal and nonverbal) to negotiate condom use. Moreover, Asians used verbal-indirect strategies more than Whites. Women used nonverbal-indirect strategies more than men. HIV preventions seeking to be culturally sensitive to Asians and women may benefit from incorporating these strategies into their interventions.
言语直接策略被认为是协商使用避孕套时最有效的策略。沟通方式上的文化和性别差异都表明，个体在协商使用避孕套时可能会采用并非完全言语直接的方式。本研究通过开发一个探索性量表来考察其他形式的避孕套协商方式的使用情况，该量表根据言语和直接程度区分策略（即言语直接、言语间接、非言语直接、非言语间接）。该研究比较了加利福尼亚北部一所大学中亚洲和美国白人学生使用协商策略的情况。结果表明，虽然直接策略（言语和非言语）使用得更频繁，但使用避孕套者也会采用间接策略（言语和非言语）来协商使用避孕套。此外，亚洲人比白人更多地使用言语间接策略。女性比男性更多地使用非言语间接策略。旨在对亚洲人和女性具有文化敏感性的艾滋病预防措施可能会从将这些策略纳入其干预措施中受益。
