Polich John, Ochoa Christian J
Cognitive Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2004 Jun;115(6):1374-83. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2004.01.026.
The P300 event-related potential (ERP) is sometimes larger for individuals at low- compared to high-risk for alcoholism. These effects are inconsistent, and how P300 is affected by tobacco smoking in the context of alcoholism risk is unknown. The present study used P300 to examine the inter-relationship between alcoholism heritability and smoking status.
P300 was elicited with a visual discrimination task from young adults at low- and high-risk for alcoholism. Half of the subjects in each risk category reported that they did not smoke cigarettes, and the other half reported that they smoked regularly, with equal numbers of male and female subjects assessed. ERPs were recorded, and subjects were instructed to respond only to an infrequently presented target stimulus that occurred in a series of standard and distracter stimuli.
P300 amplitude from the target stimuli was larger for the low-risk compared to high-risk subjects overall. However, smoking status demonstrated even stronger effects, with non-smokers producing consistently larger component amplitudes than smokers and accounting for more variance than alcoholism risk. These group factors also significantly affected P300 scalp topography. No reliable alcoholism risk or smoking group effects were obtained for the ERPs from the other stimuli.
The findings suggest that P300 measures of alcoholism risk in young adults are moderated by smoking status. Theoretical implications are discussed.
与酗酒高风险个体相比，酗酒低风险个体的P300事件相关电位（ERP）有时更大。这些影响并不一致，并且在酗酒风险背景下P300如何受吸烟影响尚不清楚。本研究使用P300来检验酗酒遗传易感性与吸烟状况之间的相互关系。
通过视觉辨别任务对酗酒低风险和高风险的年轻人诱发P300。每个风险类别中的一半受试者报告他们不吸烟，另一半报告他们经常吸烟，评估的男性和女性受试者数量相等。记录ERP，并指示受试者仅对一系列标准刺激和干扰刺激中偶尔出现的目标刺激做出反应。
总体而言，与高风险受试者相比，低风险受试者对目标刺激的P300波幅更大。然而，吸烟状况显示出更强的影响，不吸烟者产生的成分波幅始终大于吸烟者，并且比酗酒风险解释了更多的方差。这些分组因素也显著影响P300头皮地形图。对于来自其他刺激的ERP，未获得可靠的酗酒风险或吸烟组效应。
研究结果表明，年轻人中酗酒风险的P300测量受吸烟状况的调节。讨论了理论意义。
