Eisenberg Marla E, Bearinger Linda H, Sieving Renee E, Swain Carolyne, Resnick Michael D
National Teen Pregnancy Prevention Research Center, Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2004 Mar-Apr;36(2):50-7. doi: 10.1363/psrh.36.50.04.
Parents are encouraged to be the primary sex educators for their children; however, little is known about the accuracy of parents' views about condoms and oral contraceptives.
Telephone surveys using validated measures provided data on beliefs about the effectiveness, safety and usability of condoms and the pill among 1,069 parents of 13-17-year-olds in Minnesota and Wisconsin in 2002. Pearson chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare beliefs according to sex, age, race, religion, education, income and political orientation.
Substantial proportions of parents underestimated the effectiveness of condoms for preventing pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Only 47% believed that condoms are very effective for STD prevention, and 40% for pregnancy prevention. Fifty-two percent thought that pill use prevents pregnancy almost all the time; 39% thought that the pill is very safe. Approximately one-quarter of parents thought that most teenagers are capable of using condoms correctly; almost four in 10 thought that most teenagers can use the pill correctly. Fathers tended to have more accurate views about condoms than mothers did; mothers' views of the pill were generally more accurate than fathers'. Whites were more likely than nonwhites to hold accurate beliefs about the pill's safety and effectiveness; conservatives were less likely than liberals to hold accurate views about the effectiveness of condoms.
Campaigns encouraging parents to talk with their teenagers about sexuality should provide parents with medically accurate information on the effectiveness, safety and usability of condoms and the pill.
鼓励父母成为孩子的主要性教育者；然而，对于父母关于避孕套和口服避孕药观点的准确性知之甚少。
2002年，在明尼苏达州和威斯康星州对1069名13至17岁孩子的父母进行电话调查，使用经过验证的测量方法收集有关避孕套和避孕药的有效性、安全性及易用性的信念数据。采用Pearson卡方检验和多变量逻辑回归模型，根据性别、年龄、种族、宗教、教育程度、收入和政治倾向比较信念。
很大比例的父母低估了避孕套预防怀孕和性传播疾病（STD）的有效性。只有47%的人认为避孕套对预防STD非常有效，40%的人认为对预防怀孕有效。52%的人认为服用避孕药几乎总能预防怀孕；39%的人认为避孕药非常安全。约四分之一的父母认为大多数青少年能够正确使用避孕套；近十分之四的人认为大多数青少年能正确使用避孕药。父亲对避孕套的看法往往比母亲更准确；母亲对避孕药的看法通常比父亲更准确。白人比非白人更有可能对避孕药的安全性和有效性持有准确的信念；保守派比自由派更不可能对避孕套的有效性持有准确的看法。
鼓励父母与青少年谈论性取向的活动应向父母提供关于避孕套和避孕药的有效性、安全性及易用性的医学准确信息。
