Burton D M, Pransky S M, Katz R M, Kearns D B, Seid A B
Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital and Health Center, San Diego, California.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1992 Sep;101(9):742-9. doi: 10.1177/000348949210100905.
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in children may be classified as physiologic or pathologic, depending on its degree and consequences. There are many head and neck complications of GER in pediatric patients, but most numerous are the airway manifestations, including stridor, recurrent croup, exacerbation of subglottic stenosis, laryngeal irritation with or without laryngospasm, chronic cough, and obstructive apnea. Diagnosis may be difficult unless there is a high index of suspicion for GER and awareness of the concept of "silent" GER. We present the common pediatric airway manifestations of GER, illustrated by case reports, and provide a paradigm to assist in the diagnosis and management of children with airway compromise associated with GER.
儿童胃食管反流（GER）可根据其程度和后果分为生理性或病理性。儿科患者中GER有许多头颈部并发症，但最常见的是气道表现，包括喘鸣、复发性喉炎、声门下狭窄加重、伴有或不伴有喉痉挛的喉部刺激、慢性咳嗽和阻塞性呼吸暂停。除非对GER有高度怀疑并了解“隐性”GER的概念，否则诊断可能会很困难。我们通过病例报告展示GER常见的儿科气道表现，并提供一个范例，以协助诊断和管理与GER相关的气道受损儿童。
