老年黑人和白人社区人群中感知到的歧视方面的种族差异。
Racial differences in perceived discrimination in a community population of older blacks and whites.
作者信息
Barnes Lisa L, Mendes De Leon Carlos F, Wilson Robert S, Bienias Julia L, Bennett David A, Evans Denis A
机构信息
Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and Institute for Healthy Aging.
出版信息
J Aging Health. 2004 Jun;16(3):315-37. doi: 10.1177/0898264304264202.
OBJECTIVES
To examine the prevalence of perceived discrimination in an older biracial population and to examine its correlation with depressive symptoms.
METHODS
The sample consisted of 2,652 Blacks and 1,630 Whites, 68 years old and older, from the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP). Perceived discrimination was measured with a nine-item scale developed by Williams, Yu, Jackson, and Anderson (1997).
RESULTS
A factor analysis of the discrimination scale revealed two subscales, unfair treatment and personal rejection. Blacks scored higher on both subscales as compared with Whites. In linear regression models, race was significantly associated with higher levels of unfair treatment and personal rejection, controlling for demographic variables and socioeconomic status (SES). Each subscale was also positively related to depressive symptoms, and these effects did not vary by race.
DISCUSSION
These findings suggest that older Blacks perceive more discrimination than do older Whites. This may have important implications for health differences between older Blacks and Whites.
目的
研究老年混血人群中感知到的歧视的患病率，并探讨其与抑郁症状的相关性。
方法
样本包括来自芝加哥健康与老龄化项目（CHAP）的2652名68岁及以上的黑人和1630名68岁及以上的白人。感知到的歧视通过Williams、Yu、Jackson和Anderson（1997年）编制的一个包含九个条目的量表进行测量。
结果
对歧视量表的因子分析揭示了两个子量表，即不公平待遇和个人排斥。与白人相比，黑人在这两个子量表上的得分更高。在线性回归模型中，在控制了人口统计学变量和社会经济地位（SES）后，种族与更高水平的不公平待遇和个人排斥显著相关。每个子量表也与抑郁症状呈正相关，且这些影响不因种族而异。
讨论
这些发现表明老年黑人比老年白人感知到更多的歧视。这可能对老年黑人和白人之间的健康差异具有重要意义。
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