老年人的财务风险规避：黑人和白人的比较。
Financial Risk Aversion Among Older Black and White Adults.
机构信息
Department of Family Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
出版信息
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2024 Feb 1;79(2). doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbad169.
OBJECTIVES
Risk aversion has a substantial impact on decision making and is associated with key demographic characteristics. However, few studies have investigated whether risk aversion varies by race.
METHODS
We investigated racial differences in financial risk aversion in 684 older Black and White adults without dementia in the Minority Aging Research Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project matched for age, education, sex, and cognition using Mahalanobis distance. We also investigated whether select contextual factors (self-reported discrimination, socioeconomic status, and literacy) mediated or affective factors (trust, loneliness, and neuroticism) moderated any observed racial differences.
RESULTS
In regression models adjusted for age, education, sex, and cognitive function, older Black adults were more risk averse than older White adults (Beta = 0.1264, standard error = 0.0227, p value ≤ .00001). None of the contextual or affective factors mediated or moderated this association.
DISCUSSION
Older Black adults are more financially risk averse than older White adults. Because risk aversion may be associated with important financial and health outcomes in older age, more research is needed to investigate the reasons for this difference.
目的
风险规避对决策有重大影响，并与关键人口统计学特征相关。然而，很少有研究调查风险规避是否存在种族差异。
方法
我们在 684 名无痴呆的老年黑人和白人成年人中调查了财务风险规避的种族差异，这些参与者来自少数民族老龄化研究和拉什记忆与衰老项目，通过马哈拉诺比斯距离进行年龄、教育、性别和认知匹配。我们还调查了是否有选择的背景因素（自我报告的歧视、社会经济地位和读写能力）调节或情感因素（信任、孤独和神经质）调节任何观察到的种族差异。
结果
在调整了年龄、教育、性别和认知功能的回归模型中，黑人老年人比白人老年人更规避风险（Beta = 0.1264，标准误差 = 0.0227，p 值≤.00001）。没有任何背景或情感因素调节或缓和这种关联。
讨论
黑人老年人比白人老年人更规避财务风险。因为风险规避可能与老年人的重要财务和健康结果相关，所以需要进一步研究这种差异的原因。
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