[Surgery of cholelithiasis: from past to present].

Development of surgery of cholelithiasis is regarded. Classic surgical interventions on the gall bladder and bile ducts in complicated disease (acute cholecistitis, jaundice, cholangitis), postcholecistectomy syndrome, surgical trauma of the bile ducts are substantiated. To 1980s modern views on pathogenesis of the disease have been formed. However, unresolved problems of surgical policy, traumatism of open surgeries in complicated forms of the disease (postoperative lethality in acute cholecistitis was 37% and over) made results of treatment unsatisfactory. Correction of policy's problems, application of mini-invasive procedures, diapeutic approach and precision technique opened up-to-date period in surgery of cholelithiasis. It permitted to reduce postoperative lethality in acute and chronic course of the disease to 0.08 - 0.1%.